[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.ckmed.cz\/on-line-poprve\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.ckmed.cz\/on-line-poprve\/","headline":"On-line poprv\u00e9","name":"On-line poprv\u00e9","description":"Pro mnoho z n\u00e1s je dnes b\u011b\u017enou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed d\u00edvat se na on-line p\u0159enosy t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 denn\u011b a nep\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00edme nad t\u00edm, kde se to vlastn\u011b vzalo a jak se to stalo.\u00a0 M\u00e1lokdo z n\u00e1s v\u00ed, \u017ee historicky prvn\u00ed on-line p\u0159enos se obe\u0161el, tak jako mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch objev\u016f, bez slavnostn\u00edch ceremoni\u00e1l\u016f, a zat\u00edmco dnes se on-line p\u0159enosy vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed...","datePublished":"2023-05-10","dateModified":"2023-05-10","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.ckmed.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.ckmed.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/65248d4269af31fa3fa693ee3fd479d0960b985d370ed586e59378332be7a3ce?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/65248d4269af31fa3fa693ee3fd479d0960b985d370ed586e59378332be7a3ce?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"ckmed.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.ckmed.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a309352_w2383_t1520282170.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.ckmed.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a309352_w2383_t1520282170.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.ckmed.cz\/on-line-poprve\/","wordCount":441,"articleBody":"Pro mnoho z n\u00e1s je dnes b\u011b\u017enou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed d\u00edvat se na on-line p\u0159enosy t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 denn\u011b a nep\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00edme nad t\u00edm, kde se to vlastn\u011b vzalo a jak se to stalo.\u00a0 M\u00e1lokdo z n\u00e1s v\u00ed, \u017ee historicky prvn\u00ed on-line p\u0159enos se obe\u0161el, tak jako mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch objev\u016f, bez slavnostn\u00edch ceremoni\u00e1l\u016f, a zat\u00edmco dnes se on-line p\u0159enosy vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pro porady firem, specializovan\u00e9 n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 operace, sportovn\u00ed utk\u00e1n\u00ed \u010di sledov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bn\u00ed na sjezdovk\u00e1ch, zcela prvn\u00ed p\u0159enos byl o k\u00e1v\u011b. Roku 1991 instalovali v\u011bdci v\u00a0Cambridge v\u016fbec prvn\u00ed webovou kameru. A d\u016fvod? Univerzitn\u00ed elita cht\u011bla prost\u011b v\u011bd\u011bt, jestli u\u017e se jim uva\u0159ila k\u00e1va.Prvn\u00ed on-line p\u0159enos se tedy uskute\u010dnil p\u0159ed 27 lety. Aby se tak mohlo st\u00e1t, muselo tomu p\u0159edch\u00e1zet daleko v\u00edc. U\u017e p\u0159ed 5000 lety dok\u00e1zali lid\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvat jednoduch\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00e1 na mechanick\u00fdch principech, jak\u00e9si kalkula\u010dky, desti\u010dky, do nich\u017e se vkl\u00e1daly kameny a pomoc\u00ed nich\u017e \u0161lo ode\u010d\u00edtat a s\u010d\u00edtat. Prvn\u00ed takov\u00fd dochovan\u00fd \u201epo\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u201c je zn\u00e1m\u00fd pod n\u00e1zvem Abakus ( ze starohebrejsk\u00e9ho slova abaq \u2013 prach).\u00a0 Jednalo se o zapr\u00e1\u0161en\u00fd k\u00e1men, kter\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edval v\u00a0Babylonii. Pozd\u011bji p\u0159i\u0161ly v\u00a0\u0158ecku a \u0158\u00edm\u011b na \u0159adu d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 \u010di hlin\u011bn\u00e9 tabulky, do nich\u017e se vkl\u00e1daly kam\u00ednky \u2013 calculli \u2013 odtud poch\u00e1z\u00ed n\u00e1zev kalkula\u010dka.Av\u0161ak prvn\u00ed takov\u00fd stroj, kter\u00fd by se dal nazvat \u201epo\u010d\u00edta\u010dem\u201c (v\u00a0dne\u0161n\u00edm slova smyslu), spat\u0159il sv\u011btlo sv\u011bta a\u017e za\u010d\u00e1tkem 20. stolet\u00ed. V\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice (tehdej\u0161\u00edm \u010ceskoslovensku) byl prvn\u00ed po\u010d\u00edtat vyroben a\u017e roku 1957 a \u0159\u00edkali mu SAPO (SAmo\u010dinn\u00fd PO\u010d\u00edta\u010d). Jeho konstrukt\u00e9ry byli profesor A. Svoboda a Dr. Oblonsk\u00fd a jejich spolupracovn\u00edci z \u00dastavu matematick\u00fdch stroj\u016f (pozd\u011bji byl p\u0159ejmenov\u00e1n na V\u00fdzkumn\u00fd \u00fastav matematick\u00fdch stroj\u016f). SAPO v\u0161ak existoval pouh\u00e9 t\u0159i roky, nebo\u0165 roku 1960 se vz\u0148al olej, j\u00edm\u017e byla promaz\u00e1v\u00e1na jednotliv\u00e1 rel\u00e9, a prvn\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010d u n\u00e1s sho\u0159el.V\u00a0roce 2017 tedy uplynulo rovn\u00fdch 60 let od prvopo\u010d\u00e1tku po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 \u00e9ry u n\u00e1s. Mysl\u00edm si, \u017ee nikdo si v\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b nedok\u00e1zal p\u0159edstavit, jak daleko v\u00fdvoj a v\u00fdzkum za tu dobu posko\u010d\u00ed. Logickou ot\u00e1zkou tedy z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1, dok\u00e1\u017eeme si v\u016fbec p\u0159edstavit, jak na tom budou po\u010d\u00edta\u010de za dal\u0161\u00edch 60let?                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2.7\/5 - (3 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"On-line poprv\u00e9","item":"https:\/\/www.ckmed.cz\/on-line-poprve\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]